Constitutional Law

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The very spirit of the country lies in its own Constitution. Constitution of India was adopted in 1949 but eventually came into effect in 1950. Constitution of India is the supreme law of the country which includes the fundamental principles governing the Union and its territories; States and various rights; Executive, legislature and judiciary; Emergency provisions, etc.

Important articles and study material on Constitutional Law – Click on the link to Read

Module I: Historical overview and nature of the Indian Constitution

1. Introduction to concepts of the constitution, constitutional law and constitutionalism
2. Historical background and evolution of the Constitution
3. Constituent Assembly – Journey and Challenges
4. Introduction to the Constitution of India
5. Constitution of India – Full Text
6. Features of the Constitution and a brief comparison with various Constitutions.

Module II: Union and its Territory

1. Formation of a state
2. Concepts of citizenship and nationality
3. A brief overview of the Citizenship Act, 1955
4. Analysis of Citizenship Amendment Bill, 2016

Module III: Concept of State and various Fundamental Rights

1. Concept of ‘State’ under Article 12
2. Meaning of ‘Law’ under Article 13
3. Article 13 and Power of Amendment under Article 368
4. Right to equality (Arts. 14-18)
5. Case Analysis: Indra Sawhney v. Union of India (1993)
6. Right to freedom (Arts. 19)
7. Right to life (Article 21)

Module IV: Other Fundamental Rights

1. Other rights under Right to Freedom (Art 20-22)
2. Right to Education
3. Right to Die with Dignity: A Constitutional Perspective
4. Right against exploitation (Art 23-24)
5. Right to freedom of religion (Art 25-28)
6. Cultural and Educational Rights (Art 29-30)
7. Right to constitutional remedies (Art 32 and 226)
8. Significance of the right to property
9. Martial laws (Arts. 33-35)

Module V: Interrelationship between Fundamental Rights and other parts of the Constitution

1. Fundamental rights and Directive Principles of State Policy
2. Fundamental rights and Parliament Privileges
3. Fundamental rights and Emergency Provisions
4. Freedom of Trade and Commerce

Module VI: Directive Principles Of State Policy And Fundamental Duties

1. Directive Principles Of State Policy: An Overview
2. Fundamental Duties enshrined in the Constitution of India

MODULE VII: Executive

1. Constitutional provisions related to President of India
2. Constitutional provisions related to Governor
3. Relationship of President/Governor with the Council of Ministers
4. Federalism

MODULE VIII:  Parliament and State Legislature                         

1. Forms of Government – Parliamentary, Presidential and semi-presidential
2. Composition of Parliament and State Legislatures – Functions &Privileges — Inter-relation of the Houses in Parliament
3. Composition of State Legislature – Functions &Privileges — Inter-relation of the Houses in Parliament
4. Anti-Defection Law / Tenth Schedule;
5. Local Self Government – Village Panchayats – Municipal Bodies – UT – Tribal Areas – Special Provisions Concerning Some States

MODULE IX: Centre-State Relationship                                           

1. Brief Concept of Federalism
2. Distribution of Power: Legislative Relations between Centre and State
3. Centre-State Financial relationship – Taxing powers of Union and State
4. Centre-State Administrative relationship
5. Official Language

MODULE XI: Union and State Judiciary                                           

1. Union Judiciary – Composition, Appointment, Condition of services and removal of Judges
2. Jurisdiction of Supreme Court
3. State Judiciary – Composition, Appointment, Conditions of services and removal of Judges
4. NJAC – Memorandum of Procedure
5. Jurisdiction of High Courts
6. Judicial Review and Judicial Activism

MODULE XII: Emergency Provisions                        

1. Significance of Emergency Powers
2. National Emergency
3. State Emergency
4. Financial Emergency
5. Relationship between Fundamental Rights and Emergency Provisions

MODULE XIII: Amendment of the Constitution

1. Need for Amendment of the Constitution
2. The doctrine of Basic Structure
3. Judicial Review
4. Major Amendment and their Constitutional Values

MODULE XIV: Other Miscellaneous Topics     

1. 370 – Art. 372
2. Services under Union and State – Constitutional safeguards to govt. servants –Public Service Commission
3. Election Commission
4. CAG; Tribunal; NCSC/NCST;
5. Obligation/Tortious Liability of the Government/Government Contracts;

Other Important articles and study material on Constitutional Law – Click on the link to Read

1. Salient Features of the Constitution of India
2. Preamble: A source to the most important document of the country
3. Preamble to the Constitution of India
4. Indian Constitution: Federal or Quasi-Federal
5. Union and its Territories: As provided under article 1 – 4 of the Indian Constitution
6. Citizenship
7. State Under Article 12 of The Constitution Of India
8. What is State – ARTICLE 12
9. Introduction to the Fundamental Rights of an Individual: As provided against the State
10. Fundamental Rights – Nature, Scope and importance
11. Right to Equality under Article 14 of the Constitution
12. Reservation: Under Article 15 and 16 of the Constitution
13. Case analysis of Indira Sawhney vs. Union Of India
14. Article 19: Right to Freedom
15. Article 21: Protection of Personal Life and Liberty
16. Right To Education With Special Emphasis To Minority Education Institutions
17. Writ Jurisdiction of the Supreme Court
18. Relationship between Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles of State Policies (DPSPs)
19. Fundamental Duties
20. Governor’s Role in the Context of Centre-State Relations
21. Emergency Provisions
22. Special status of Jammu & Kashmir
23. Judiciary: Union and State
24. Freedom of Trade Commerce And Intercourse
25. Judicial Review
26. Secularism in India – An Overview and Comparison with Saudi Arabia

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